{"id":14270,"date":"2024-04-18T00:00:37","date_gmt":"2024-04-18T00:00:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jgu.edu.in\/mappingADR\/?p=14270"},"modified":"2024-04-17T17:51:27","modified_gmt":"2024-04-17T17:51:27","slug":"m-s-macro-marvel-projects-ltd-v-j-vengatesh-ors","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jgu.edu.in\/mappingADR\/m-s-macro-marvel-projects-ltd-v-j-vengatesh-ors\/","title":{"rendered":"M\/s. Macro Marvel Projects Ltd. v. J. Vengatesh &amp; Ors."},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-2a4670972251eb28812385461a09cc22 wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"foo\"><strong>Judgement Name: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mhc.tn.gov.in\/judis\/index.php\/casestatus\/viewpdf\/689616\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><em>M\/s. Macro Marvel Projects Ltd. v. J. Vengatesh &amp; Ors.<\/em><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-e1b5acfbb8dfbf339ef8379e199c6b38 wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"8nrfp\"><strong>Citation: <\/strong>O.S.A.No.341 of 2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-90a9030ab47b78cfca38c2b970dcfa59 wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"6nqjj\"><strong>Coram: <\/strong>Paresh Upadhyay, J. and D. Bharatha Chakravarthy, J.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-4b2b6a45b3d0349b7afb3fa01ba1954f wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"6hp73\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 28th September 2022.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-22701298b8aa641ba3efb25c44c13b56 wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"fa1oh\"><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Section 34, Arbitration &amp; Conciliation Act, 1996 (the \u2018A&amp;C Act\u2019), Inequitable Contract, Specific Performance, Section 14, Specific Relief Act (the \u2018SR\u2019 Act), Section 20, SR Act.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-ef0a7a12df9d31101117c3bc301a19e3 wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"au4pu\"><strong>Overview<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-c21f5e4a171c27aa775c43a43fd31ef9 wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"7sr2f\">A Two-Judge bench of the Madras High Court adjudicated that an Arbitral Award directing the specific performance of a contract, could not be set aside on the basis that the contract from which the dispute arose, was inequitable. Consequentially, the Madras High Court set aside the order of a Single Judge Bench of the Madras High Court.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-9eec40281a73f924d2e67841c54fc9ae wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"8bnrk\"><strong>Facts<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-873fd0e2c0cea625eaf68c4de08f1de9 wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"blbll\">Macro Marvel Projects Ltd. (\u201cAppellant\u201d) and Mr J. Vengatesh, A.R. Gomathi and V.Annalakshmi (\u201cRespondents\u201d) through their Power of Attorney, M.Arumugam, entered into an agreement of sale dated 17th February 2004. Under the terms of the agreement, the Respondents agreed to transfer land admeasuring 8.21 acres for a sale consideration of Rs. 3,85,000 per plot of land. An advance of Rs. 1,00,00,000 was agreed to be paid to the Respondents. Rs. 65,00,000 of this advance amount was to be paid to the Respondents upon the receipt of project finance by the deposit of title deeds of the property held by the Respondents. The Appellant had been authorised to identify buyers for the plots of land and enter into sale agreements for the same as well as obtain building licenses, etc. An arbitration clause had been inserted in the sale agreement under which all disputes that would arise out of the agreement would be referred to and settled by an Arbitral Tribunal in Chennai. Owing to a sudden rise in Real Estate prices, the sale consideration was revised upwards, first to Rs. 4,20,000 and then to Rs. 5,00,000. Subsequently, the Power of Attorney in favour of M. Arumugam was cancelled and the Respondents refused to execute further sale deeds for the unsold plots.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-dc9e14e5de189a63981a6a4a800cd97a wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"d2vi2\">Given the Respondents\u2019 refusal to execute the sale deeds for the unsold plots, the Appellant invoked the arbitration clause and after consultation with the Tribunal, filed a statement of claims in January 2007, praying for specific performance according to the terms of the agreement for sale, and further sought damages for delay in registering the sale deeds. The same was granted by the Tribunal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-85edbe47f9500ff70ca179e289fa7000 wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"etq7\">The Respondents challenged this Award before a Single Judge Bench of the Madras High Court under Section 34 of the Arbitration Act. The Respondents contended that the Award suffered from patent illegality and was in violation of the fundamental policy of India. The learned Judge found that the agreement gave an undue advantage to the Appellant, and further that the Arbitrators had not considered Section 14(i) and 20(2) of the Specific Reliefs Act. An Award for specific performance was thus deemed to violate the public policy of India. The learned single Judge altered the Award of the Arbitral Tribunal and directed that a sum of Rs. 50,00,000 be paid to the Appellant by the Respondents within 6 months.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-16cd9e3c6842b5fe9b895c916b48a957 wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"a07q2\">Aggrieved by this Judgement, the Appellant filed an intra-court appeal before a Two-Judge bench.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-2583ee3525b5970ab0c162baabcb6643 wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"b9qbd\"><strong>Issue<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-ebce351f44af38df29d2d31dd4f7a183 wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"6v4e0\">i. Whether an Award could be interfered with, varied or modified under Section 34 of the A&amp;C Act?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-860e987ad6bf063473f1022aeb2b8fa8 wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"78ha1\">ii. Whether the Court may interfere with an Award for Specific Performance when the contract is alleged to be inequitable and thus not specifically enforceable?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-7d9c730a0a8a3f4972b91572085750b0 wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"7eisf\"><strong>Analysis<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-486b048ec328c8d8d8f99e863e10c87e wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"5s4er\">With regards to the first question of variation or modification of the Arbitral Award, the Court held that under Section 34 of the A&amp;C Act, any variance or modification of the Award and any grant of a new or modified relief is impermissible. The same was laid down in the case of <a href=\"https:\/\/main.sci.gov.in\/supremecourt\/2020\/22596\/22596_2020_32_1502_28660_Judgement_20-Jul-2021.pdf\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Project Director, National Highways No.45 E and 220 National Highways Authority of India v. M.Hakeem and Anr<\/a><strong><em>. <\/em><\/strong>Thus, it was held that the Judge was not right in varying the Award of the Arbitral Tribunal and ordering the sum of Rs. 50,00,000 to be paid. The same was beyond the scope of the Court\u2019s powers under Section 34. Citing Redfern and Hunter on International Commercial Arbitration, the Court held that the limited remedy granted under Section 34 is co-extensive with the limited right conferred by the Section, namely the right to either set aside the Award or to remand the matter. In doing so, the Court limited the broad application of powers under Section 34, that the learned single judge on the original side had sought to undertake.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-f382d2a2b603525f168560c5340b3ecd wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"2rdvb\">With regard to the second question, concerning the grounds for interference, the Court found that there were several rival contentions of both the Parties which needed to be appreciated by the adjudicatory authority. These contentions would have been dealt with and considered by the Arbitral Tribunal when it appraised the evidence and rendered its finding that it was a case of specific performance. The mere possibility that a Court may, upon the construction of the documents and evidence submitted before it, may draw an alternate conclusion could not be sufficient ground to interfere with the Tribunal\u2019s Award. The Court held that an attempt to interfere with a decided position laid down by the Arbitral Tribunal would amount to an appeal of the Tribunal&#8217;s Award, which falls outside the scope of the Court&#8217;s powers under Section 34. When the parties have chosen arbitration as the forum for the resolution of their disputes, the Arbitral Tribunal&#8217;s decision shall be final and shall not be interfered with unless one of the specific grounds which are available under Section 34 is present. Thus, there existed an implicit understanding, with the inclusion of an arbitration clause, that the Tribunal\u2019s Award would be final, binding and not amenable to change, except when it is liable to be set aside under Section 34. In drawing this inference, the Court has displayed marked deference to the Award of the Arbitral Tribunal and placed strict limits on its powers of interference with the Arbitral Award.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-96af1e859957bf2d231a6fb040e8364b wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"e8ga5\"><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-f559fb2aa646d6c62373c4bf9f2242b7 wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"1p8mv\">The Court, therefore, set aside the order of the Single Judge of the Madras High Court, giving firstly, that, courts may not vary or modify the terms of an Arbitral Award under Section 34, and secondly, that to warrant interference under Section 34, presence of the specific grounds specified under the Section must be shown, and a mere possibility that the Court may have arrived at an alternate conclusion cannot warrant interference under the same.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-7d4b2c5d26d83add4ab37c0130421bf7 wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"2audn\">[<em>This case note has been authored by Ishan Mhapsekar, an Editor at Mapping ADR<\/em>.]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Judgement Name: M\/s. Macro Marvel Projects Ltd. v. J. Vengatesh &amp; Ors. Citation: O.S.A.No.341 of 2019 Coram: Paresh Upadhyay, J. and D. Bharatha Chakravarthy, J. Date: 28th September 2022. Keywords: Section 34, Arbitration &amp; Conciliation Act, 1996 (the \u2018A&amp;C Act\u2019), Inequitable Contract, Specific Performance, Section 14, Specific Relief Act (the \u2018SR\u2019 Act), Section 20, SR Act. Overview A Two-Judge bench of the Madras High Court adjudicated that an Arbitral Award directing the specific performance of a contract, could not be set aside on the basis that the contract from which the dispute arose, was inequitable. Consequentially, the Madras High Court set aside the order of a Single Judge Bench of the Madras High Court. Facts Macro Marvel Projects Ltd. (\u201cAppellant\u201d) and Mr J. Vengatesh, A.R. Gomathi and V.Annalakshmi (\u201cRespondents\u201d) through their Power of Attorney, M.Arumugam, entered into an agreement of sale dated 17th February 2004. Under the terms of the agreement, the Respondents agreed to transfer land admeasuring 8.21 acres for a sale consideration of Rs. 3,85,000 per plot of land. An advance of Rs. 1,00,00,000 was agreed to be paid to the Respondents. Rs. 65,00,000 of this advance amount was to be paid to the Respondents upon the receipt of project finance by the deposit of title deeds of the property held by the Respondents. The Appellant had been authorised to identify buyers for the plots of land and enter into sale agreements for the same as well as obtain building licenses, etc. An arbitration clause had been inserted in the sale agreement under which all disputes that would arise out of the agreement would be referred to and settled by an Arbitral Tribunal in Chennai. Owing to a sudden rise in Real Estate prices, the sale consideration was revised upwards, first to Rs. 4,20,000 and then to Rs. 5,00,000. Subsequently, the Power of Attorney in favour of M. Arumugam was cancelled and the Respondents refused to execute further sale deeds for the unsold plots. Given the Respondents\u2019 refusal to execute the sale deeds for the unsold plots, the Appellant invoked the arbitration clause and after consultation with the Tribunal, filed a statement of claims in January 2007, praying for specific performance according to the terms of the agreement for sale, and further sought damages for delay in registering the sale deeds. The same was granted by the Tribunal. The Respondents challenged this Award before a Single Judge Bench of the Madras High Court under Section 34 of the Arbitration Act. The Respondents contended that the Award suffered from patent illegality and was in violation of the fundamental policy of India. The learned Judge found that the agreement gave an undue advantage to the Appellant, and further that the Arbitrators had not considered Section 14(i) and 20(2) of the Specific Reliefs Act. An Award for specific performance was thus deemed to violate the public policy of India. The learned single Judge altered the Award of the Arbitral Tribunal and directed that a sum of Rs. 50,00,000 be paid to the Appellant by the Respondents within 6 months. Aggrieved by this Judgement, the Appellant filed an intra-court appeal before a Two-Judge bench. Issue i. Whether an Award could be interfered with, varied or modified under Section 34 of the A&amp;C Act? ii. Whether the Court may interfere with an Award for Specific Performance when the contract is alleged to be inequitable and thus not specifically enforceable? Analysis With regards to the first question of variation or modification of the Arbitral Award, the Court held that under Section 34 of the A&amp;C Act, any variance or modification of the Award and any grant of a new or modified relief is impermissible. The same was laid down in the case of Project Director, National Highways No.45 E and 220 National Highways Authority of India v. M.Hakeem and Anr. Thus, it was held that the Judge was not right in varying the Award of the Arbitral Tribunal and ordering the sum of Rs. 50,00,000 to be paid. The same was beyond the scope of the Court\u2019s powers under Section 34. Citing Redfern and Hunter on International Commercial Arbitration, the Court held that the limited remedy granted under Section 34 is co-extensive with the limited right conferred by the Section, namely the right to either set aside the Award or to remand the matter. In doing so, the Court limited the broad application of powers under Section 34, that the learned single judge on the original side had sought to undertake. With regard to the second question, concerning the grounds for interference, the Court found that there were several rival contentions of both the Parties which needed to be appreciated by the adjudicatory authority. These contentions would have been dealt with and considered by the Arbitral Tribunal when it appraised the evidence and rendered its finding that it was a case of specific performance. The mere possibility that a Court may, upon the construction of the documents and evidence submitted before it, may draw an alternate conclusion could not be sufficient ground to interfere with the Tribunal\u2019s Award. The Court held that an attempt to interfere with a decided position laid down by the Arbitral Tribunal would amount to an appeal of the Tribunal&#8217;s Award, which falls outside the scope of the Court&#8217;s powers under Section 34. When the parties have chosen arbitration as the forum for the resolution of their disputes, the Arbitral Tribunal&#8217;s decision shall be final and shall not be interfered with unless one of the specific grounds which are available under Section 34 is present. Thus, there existed an implicit understanding, with the inclusion of an arbitration clause, that the Tribunal\u2019s Award would be final, binding and not amenable to change, except when it is liable to be set aside under Section 34. In drawing this inference, the Court has displayed marked deference to the Award of the Arbitral Tribunal and placed strict limits on its powers of interference with the Arbitral Award. Conclusion The Court, therefore, set aside [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,138],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14270","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-all","category-case-updates","post-no-thumbnail"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>M\/s. Macro Marvel Projects Ltd. v. J. Vengatesh &amp; Ors. | Mapping ADR<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jgu.edu.in\/mappingADR\/m-s-macro-marvel-projects-ltd-v-j-vengatesh-ors\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"M\/s. Macro Marvel Projects Ltd. v. J. Vengatesh &amp; Ors. | Mapping ADR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Judgement Name: M\/s. Macro Marvel Projects Ltd. v. J. Vengatesh &amp; Ors. Citation: O.S.A.No.341 of 2019 Coram: Paresh Upadhyay, J. and D. Bharatha Chakravarthy, J. Date: 28th September 2022. Keywords: Section 34, Arbitration &amp; Conciliation Act, 1996 (the \u2018A&amp;C Act\u2019), Inequitable Contract, Specific Performance, Section 14, Specific Relief Act (the \u2018SR\u2019 Act), Section 20, SR Act. Overview A Two-Judge bench of the Madras High Court adjudicated that an Arbitral Award directing the specific performance of a contract, could not be set aside on the basis that the contract from which the dispute arose, was inequitable. Consequentially, the Madras High Court set aside the order of a Single Judge Bench of the Madras High Court. Facts Macro Marvel Projects Ltd. (\u201cAppellant\u201d) and Mr J. Vengatesh, A.R. Gomathi and V.Annalakshmi (\u201cRespondents\u201d) through their Power of Attorney, M.Arumugam, entered into an agreement of sale dated 17th February 2004. Under the terms of the agreement, the Respondents agreed to transfer land admeasuring 8.21 acres for a sale consideration of Rs. 3,85,000 per plot of land. An advance of Rs. 1,00,00,000 was agreed to be paid to the Respondents. Rs. 65,00,000 of this advance amount was to be paid to the Respondents upon the receipt of project finance by the deposit of title deeds of the property held by the Respondents. The Appellant had been authorised to identify buyers for the plots of land and enter into sale agreements for the same as well as obtain building licenses, etc. An arbitration clause had been inserted in the sale agreement under which all disputes that would arise out of the agreement would be referred to and settled by an Arbitral Tribunal in Chennai. Owing to a sudden rise in Real Estate prices, the sale consideration was revised upwards, first to Rs. 4,20,000 and then to Rs. 5,00,000. Subsequently, the Power of Attorney in favour of M. Arumugam was cancelled and the Respondents refused to execute further sale deeds for the unsold plots. Given the Respondents\u2019 refusal to execute the sale deeds for the unsold plots, the Appellant invoked the arbitration clause and after consultation with the Tribunal, filed a statement of claims in January 2007, praying for specific performance according to the terms of the agreement for sale, and further sought damages for delay in registering the sale deeds. The same was granted by the Tribunal. The Respondents challenged this Award before a Single Judge Bench of the Madras High Court under Section 34 of the Arbitration Act. The Respondents contended that the Award suffered from patent illegality and was in violation of the fundamental policy of India. The learned Judge found that the agreement gave an undue advantage to the Appellant, and further that the Arbitrators had not considered Section 14(i) and 20(2) of the Specific Reliefs Act. An Award for specific performance was thus deemed to violate the public policy of India. The learned single Judge altered the Award of the Arbitral Tribunal and directed that a sum of Rs. 50,00,000 be paid to the Appellant by the Respondents within 6 months. Aggrieved by this Judgement, the Appellant filed an intra-court appeal before a Two-Judge bench. Issue i. Whether an Award could be interfered with, varied or modified under Section 34 of the A&amp;C Act? ii. Whether the Court may interfere with an Award for Specific Performance when the contract is alleged to be inequitable and thus not specifically enforceable? Analysis With regards to the first question of variation or modification of the Arbitral Award, the Court held that under Section 34 of the A&amp;C Act, any variance or modification of the Award and any grant of a new or modified relief is impermissible. The same was laid down in the case of Project Director, National Highways No.45 E and 220 National Highways Authority of India v. M.Hakeem and Anr. Thus, it was held that the Judge was not right in varying the Award of the Arbitral Tribunal and ordering the sum of Rs. 50,00,000 to be paid. The same was beyond the scope of the Court\u2019s powers under Section 34. Citing Redfern and Hunter on International Commercial Arbitration, the Court held that the limited remedy granted under Section 34 is co-extensive with the limited right conferred by the Section, namely the right to either set aside the Award or to remand the matter. In doing so, the Court limited the broad application of powers under Section 34, that the learned single judge on the original side had sought to undertake. With regard to the second question, concerning the grounds for interference, the Court found that there were several rival contentions of both the Parties which needed to be appreciated by the adjudicatory authority. These contentions would have been dealt with and considered by the Arbitral Tribunal when it appraised the evidence and rendered its finding that it was a case of specific performance. The mere possibility that a Court may, upon the construction of the documents and evidence submitted before it, may draw an alternate conclusion could not be sufficient ground to interfere with the Tribunal\u2019s Award. The Court held that an attempt to interfere with a decided position laid down by the Arbitral Tribunal would amount to an appeal of the Tribunal&#8217;s Award, which falls outside the scope of the Court&#8217;s powers under Section 34. When the parties have chosen arbitration as the forum for the resolution of their disputes, the Arbitral Tribunal&#8217;s decision shall be final and shall not be interfered with unless one of the specific grounds which are available under Section 34 is present. Thus, there existed an implicit understanding, with the inclusion of an arbitration clause, that the Tribunal\u2019s Award would be final, binding and not amenable to change, except when it is liable to be set aside under Section 34. In drawing this inference, the Court has displayed marked deference to the Award of the Arbitral Tribunal and placed strict limits on its powers of interference with the Arbitral Award. Conclusion The Court, therefore, set aside [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/jgu.edu.in\/mappingADR\/m-s-macro-marvel-projects-ltd-v-j-vengatesh-ors\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Mapping ADR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-04-18T00:00:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-04-17T17:51:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"vrpeesari\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"vrpeesari\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/jgu.edu.in\/mappingADR\/m-s-macro-marvel-projects-ltd-v-j-vengatesh-ors\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/jgu.edu.in\/mappingADR\/m-s-macro-marvel-projects-ltd-v-j-vengatesh-ors\/\",\"name\":\"M\/s. 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Vengatesh &amp; Ors. | Mapping ADR","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/jgu.edu.in\/mappingADR\/m-s-macro-marvel-projects-ltd-v-j-vengatesh-ors\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"M\/s. Macro Marvel Projects Ltd. v. J. Vengatesh &amp; Ors. | Mapping ADR","og_description":"Judgement Name: M\/s. Macro Marvel Projects Ltd. v. J. Vengatesh &amp; Ors. Citation: O.S.A.No.341 of 2019 Coram: Paresh Upadhyay, J. and D. Bharatha Chakravarthy, J. Date: 28th September 2022. Keywords: Section 34, Arbitration &amp; Conciliation Act, 1996 (the \u2018A&amp;C Act\u2019), Inequitable Contract, Specific Performance, Section 14, Specific Relief Act (the \u2018SR\u2019 Act), Section 20, SR Act. Overview A Two-Judge bench of the Madras High Court adjudicated that an Arbitral Award directing the specific performance of a contract, could not be set aside on the basis that the contract from which the dispute arose, was inequitable. Consequentially, the Madras High Court set aside the order of a Single Judge Bench of the Madras High Court. Facts Macro Marvel Projects Ltd. (\u201cAppellant\u201d) and Mr J. Vengatesh, A.R. Gomathi and V.Annalakshmi (\u201cRespondents\u201d) through their Power of Attorney, M.Arumugam, entered into an agreement of sale dated 17th February 2004. Under the terms of the agreement, the Respondents agreed to transfer land admeasuring 8.21 acres for a sale consideration of Rs. 3,85,000 per plot of land. An advance of Rs. 1,00,00,000 was agreed to be paid to the Respondents. Rs. 65,00,000 of this advance amount was to be paid to the Respondents upon the receipt of project finance by the deposit of title deeds of the property held by the Respondents. The Appellant had been authorised to identify buyers for the plots of land and enter into sale agreements for the same as well as obtain building licenses, etc. An arbitration clause had been inserted in the sale agreement under which all disputes that would arise out of the agreement would be referred to and settled by an Arbitral Tribunal in Chennai. Owing to a sudden rise in Real Estate prices, the sale consideration was revised upwards, first to Rs. 4,20,000 and then to Rs. 5,00,000. Subsequently, the Power of Attorney in favour of M. Arumugam was cancelled and the Respondents refused to execute further sale deeds for the unsold plots. Given the Respondents\u2019 refusal to execute the sale deeds for the unsold plots, the Appellant invoked the arbitration clause and after consultation with the Tribunal, filed a statement of claims in January 2007, praying for specific performance according to the terms of the agreement for sale, and further sought damages for delay in registering the sale deeds. The same was granted by the Tribunal. The Respondents challenged this Award before a Single Judge Bench of the Madras High Court under Section 34 of the Arbitration Act. The Respondents contended that the Award suffered from patent illegality and was in violation of the fundamental policy of India. The learned Judge found that the agreement gave an undue advantage to the Appellant, and further that the Arbitrators had not considered Section 14(i) and 20(2) of the Specific Reliefs Act. An Award for specific performance was thus deemed to violate the public policy of India. The learned single Judge altered the Award of the Arbitral Tribunal and directed that a sum of Rs. 50,00,000 be paid to the Appellant by the Respondents within 6 months. Aggrieved by this Judgement, the Appellant filed an intra-court appeal before a Two-Judge bench. Issue i. Whether an Award could be interfered with, varied or modified under Section 34 of the A&amp;C Act? ii. Whether the Court may interfere with an Award for Specific Performance when the contract is alleged to be inequitable and thus not specifically enforceable? Analysis With regards to the first question of variation or modification of the Arbitral Award, the Court held that under Section 34 of the A&amp;C Act, any variance or modification of the Award and any grant of a new or modified relief is impermissible. The same was laid down in the case of Project Director, National Highways No.45 E and 220 National Highways Authority of India v. M.Hakeem and Anr. Thus, it was held that the Judge was not right in varying the Award of the Arbitral Tribunal and ordering the sum of Rs. 50,00,000 to be paid. The same was beyond the scope of the Court\u2019s powers under Section 34. Citing Redfern and Hunter on International Commercial Arbitration, the Court held that the limited remedy granted under Section 34 is co-extensive with the limited right conferred by the Section, namely the right to either set aside the Award or to remand the matter. In doing so, the Court limited the broad application of powers under Section 34, that the learned single judge on the original side had sought to undertake. With regard to the second question, concerning the grounds for interference, the Court found that there were several rival contentions of both the Parties which needed to be appreciated by the adjudicatory authority. These contentions would have been dealt with and considered by the Arbitral Tribunal when it appraised the evidence and rendered its finding that it was a case of specific performance. The mere possibility that a Court may, upon the construction of the documents and evidence submitted before it, may draw an alternate conclusion could not be sufficient ground to interfere with the Tribunal\u2019s Award. The Court held that an attempt to interfere with a decided position laid down by the Arbitral Tribunal would amount to an appeal of the Tribunal&#8217;s Award, which falls outside the scope of the Court&#8217;s powers under Section 34. When the parties have chosen arbitration as the forum for the resolution of their disputes, the Arbitral Tribunal&#8217;s decision shall be final and shall not be interfered with unless one of the specific grounds which are available under Section 34 is present. Thus, there existed an implicit understanding, with the inclusion of an arbitration clause, that the Tribunal\u2019s Award would be final, binding and not amenable to change, except when it is liable to be set aside under Section 34. In drawing this inference, the Court has displayed marked deference to the Award of the Arbitral Tribunal and placed strict limits on its powers of interference with the Arbitral Award. Conclusion The Court, therefore, set aside [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/jgu.edu.in\/mappingADR\/m-s-macro-marvel-projects-ltd-v-j-vengatesh-ors\/","og_site_name":"Mapping ADR","article_published_time":"2024-04-18T00:00:37+00:00","article_modified_time":"2024-04-17T17:51:27+00:00","author":"vrpeesari","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"vrpeesari","Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/jgu.edu.in\/mappingADR\/m-s-macro-marvel-projects-ltd-v-j-vengatesh-ors\/","url":"https:\/\/jgu.edu.in\/mappingADR\/m-s-macro-marvel-projects-ltd-v-j-vengatesh-ors\/","name":"M\/s. Macro Marvel Projects Ltd. v. J. 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